THE EFFECTS OF WORK DISCIPLINE, WORK LOYALTY, AND WORK MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE REGIONAL TAX DIVISION I AT THE REGIONAL REVENUE AGENCY OFFICE OF BATAM CITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53067/ije3.v5i3.432Keywords:
work discipline, work loyalty, work motivation, employee performance.Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline, work loyalty, and work motivation on the performance of Regional Tax I employees at the Batam City Regional Revenue Agency Office. The study used a quantitative, census-based approach, with the entire population of 81 employees serving as respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The test results showed that all statement items were valid (r > 0.218, p < 0.05) and reliable (Cronbach's Alpha > 0.60).
Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The results of the study indicate that partial work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; work loyalty also has a positive and significant effect, and work motivation has a positive and significant effect, with the latter being the most dominant contributor. Simultaneously, work discipline, work loyalty, and work motivation have a significant effect on employee performance. The coefficient of determination of 0.719 indicates that 71.9% of the variation in employee performance is explained by the three independent variables, with the remaining 28.1% attributed to other factors outside the study. This finding emphasizes the importance of integrated human resource management in improving the performance of public sector employees.
Downloads
References
Aguinis, H. (2023). Performance management for dummies: Reframing employee performance. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10, 393–421.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053710
Albrecht, S. L., & Su, M. J. (2022). Job resources and employee empowerment: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 37(6), 541–556.https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-05-2021-0312
Campbell, J. P., & Wiernik, B. M. (2022). The modeling and assessment of work performance. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 9, 47–74.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-055605
Deci, E.L., Olafsen, A.H., & Ryan, R.M. (2021). Self-determination theory in work organizations: The state of a science. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 8, 19–43.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-055238
Field, A. (2021). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Application of multivariate analysis with the IBM SPSS 26 program. Diponegoro University Publishing Agency.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2021). Introductory econometrics (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Hafidz, A. (2024). The role of job satisfaction and loyalty in improving employee performance. Journal of Public Administration.
Kim, S., & Lee, J. (2022). Motivation, commitment, and performance in public organizations. International Journal of Public Administration, 45(12), 875–887.https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2021.1993904
Perry, J. L., Hondeghem, A., & Wise, L. R. (2021). Revisiting public service motivation: Twenty years of research and an agenda for the future. Public Administration Review, 81(5), 819–829.https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13336
Putri, AR, & Riyadi, S. (2024). Organizational loyalty and employee performance in public sector institutions. International Journal of Public Administration, 47(3), 215–228.https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2023.2245891
Riyanto, S., Sutrisno, A., & Ali, H. (2021). The impact of work motivation and discipline on employee performance. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(3), 120–128.https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i3.1152
Robbins, S.P., & Judge, T.A. (2022). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). Pearson Education.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2023). Research methods for business students (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sulistamtama, M., Setiawan, R., & Yuniawan, A. (2024). The effect of intrinsic motivation on employee performance: A systematic review. Journal of Management.
Susanti, D., & Widodo, S. (2024). Work discipline and employee performance in public sector organizations. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 37(2), 230–245.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-06-2023-0168
Sutrisno, E., Wibowo, A., & Nugroho, BS (2023). Work discipline and public employee performance: Evidence from local government institutions. Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 89–101.https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.25.2.89-101
Taber, K.S. (2021). The use of Cronbach's alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education, 51(3), 1–24.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-019-09856-5
Van der Kolk, B., Van Veen-Dirks, P., & Ter Bogt, H. (2023). How combinations of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation affect performance in public organizations. Public Management Review, 25(6), 865–886.https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2022.2031793
Wasiman, W. (2023). Discipline and motivation analysis of employee performance in Batam. Scientific Journal of Management.
Wooldridge, J. M. (2020). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tengku Izan Saputra, Sabri, Sumardin

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright @2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium













