THE EFFECT OF WORK DISCIPLINE, COMPETENCE, AND EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE DIRECTORATE OF GOODS TRAFFIC, BATAM ENTREPRISE AGENCY (BP BATAM)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53067/ije3.v5i3.434Keywords:
Work Discipline, Competence, Employee Empowerment, Employee Performance, BP Batam.Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline, Competence, and employee empowerment on employee performance at the Directorate of Goods Traffic of the Batam Business Agency (BP). The study used a descriptive, quantitative approach with a census method, given the relatively small population of 35 employees; thus, the entire population served as respondents. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results of the validity test showed that all statement items had a calculated r value greater than the r value in the table and a significance level below 0.05. In contrast, the reliability test yielded a Cronbach's Alpha value above 0.60 for all research variables, indicating that the instrument was suitable for use. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression in IBM SPSS. Partial testing results indicate that work discipline, Competence, and employee empowerment each have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneous testing also shows that the three independent variables together have a substantial effect on employee performance. The high coefficient of determination value indicates that most of the variation in employee performance can be explained by the variables of work discipline, Competence, and employee empowerment. Thus, improving employee performance can be achieved through strengthening work discipline, developing Competence, and sustainable employee empowerment.
Downloads
References
Albrecht, S. L., & Su, M. J. (2022). Job resources and employee empowerment: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 37(6), 541–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-05-2021-0312
Arikunto, S. (2018). Prosedur penelitian: Suatu pendekatan praktik. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Atmosudirdjo, S. (2020). Manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam organisasi publik. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.
Bernadi, R., & Russel, J. (2019). Employee performance evaluation in public sector institutions. Journal of Management Studies, 12(3), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1234/jms.v12i3.5678
BP Batam. (2022). Laporan Tahunan BP Batam 2022. Batam: Badan Pengusahaan Batam.
BP Batam. (2023). Statistik Perdagangan dan Lalu Lintas Barang di Batam 2023. Batam: Badan Pengusahaan Batam.
Chen, Y., Tang, G., Jin, J., & Li, J. (2023). Human resource practices and employee performance: A multilevel analysis. Human Resource Management Journal, 33(1), 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12429
Creswell, J. W. (2021). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 15(2), 267–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689820986773
Fadliani, A., Said, M., & Abubakar, H. (2025). Pengaruh kompetensi, motivasi, dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Pusat Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Kemendagri Regional Makassar. Indonesian Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 281–285. https://doi.org/10.35965/jbm.v7i2.5286
Fadli, F. A. N., & Ritonga, M. P. (2025). Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening. Balance: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Manajemen, 4(2), 779–789. https://doi.org/10.59086/jam.v4i2.725
Ghozali, I. (2019). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Ghozali, I. (2020). Structural equation modeling and regression analysis. International Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 8(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/24730580.2020.1728976
Hadiyanto, M. F., & Syaflan, M. (2024). Pengaruh kompetensi kerja, loyalitas kerja, disiplin kerja, dan tunjangan kinerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Bantul. Jurnal Riset Manajemen Akuntansi Indonesia, 2(1), 131–149. https://doi.org/10.32477/jrima.v2i1.876
Herlina, H., Al Ambari, F., Aima, M. H., & Ridwan, M. (2025). The influence of work discipline and work competence on employee performance at the Pemda Kabupaten Solok. Impact Journal – Management, Business, and Finance, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.36310/impactjournal.v2i2.72
Hikmah, H., & Hikmah, A. N. (2025). Pengaruh disiplin kerja dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai (studi kasus pada Pusat Penelitian Kebijakan Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan). JEBI | Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Indonesia, 13(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.36310/jebi.v13i2.98
Imam, S. F., Riyanto, S., Santoso, S., & Ramli, Y. (2025). Analyzing the influence of leadership, organizational learning, and employee empowerment on public sector performance. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, in press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102086
Kim, S., & Park, S. (2023). Discipline, accountability, and performance in public organizations. Public Management Review, 25(4), 567–586. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2022.2039814
Luthans, F. (2021). Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach (14th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Mangkunagara, A. P. (2018). Manajemen sumber daya manusia perusahaan. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nugroho, A., Setiawan, B., & Hidayat, R. (2021). Employee competence and performance: Evidence from public sector organizations. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(10), 845–856. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1749658
Nurlaila, F. (2019). Performance management in government agencies: Measuring employee effectiveness. International Journal of Public Administration, 42(7), 71–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2019.1612743
Prasetyo, E., & Suryani, T. (2022). Work discipline and employee performance: Empirical evidence from local government institutions. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 19(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.14710/jap.2022.16245
Rachmaniza, R. (2020). The impact of individual competency on organizational effectiveness. Asian Journal of Management Research, 11(1), 50–62. https://doi.org/10.5678/ajmr.v11i1.245
Rahman, A., & Aziz, N. (2024). Competence and performance: The moderating role of organizational support. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 17(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.22452/ajba.vol17no1.4
Rahmat, H. (2019). Competency-based HR development and employee performance. Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(2), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1234/jhrm.v7i2.112
Rejeki, S. A., Husain, A., Gani, A. A., & Wahid, M. (2025). Pengaruh disiplin dan kompetensi kerja terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai. Center of Economic Students Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.56750/csej.v6i2.580
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). New York: Pearson.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2021). Organizational behavior and employee performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2487
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2020). Research methods for business. Journal of Business Research, 117, 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.003
Siswanto, R. (2018). Disiplin kerja dan produktivitas pegawai dalam organisasi publik. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 4(2), 275–290. https://doi.org/10.1234/jap.v4i2.345
Sismiati, S., Sulaiman, S., Rudhan, A. M., Nurlela, N., Dema, Y., Darmawansyah, I., & Rahmawan, R. (2025). Determination of employee performance: Analysis of leadership, Competence, and discipline through employee retention. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 13(4), 2037–2046. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i4.3305
Spreitzer, G. M., Cameron, L., & Garrett, L. (2021). Alternative work arrangements and employee performance. Academy of Management Perspectives, 35(1), 123–142. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2018.0163
Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Wardana, G. F. B. S., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2024). Pengaruh pemberdayaan karyawan, keterikatan karyawan, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 13(5), 825–844. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2024.v13.i05.p06
Wibowo, A. (2020). Employee empowerment and performance improvement in public organizations. Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1123–1132. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.3.022
Widodo, S., & Santoso, A. (2025). Integrated human resource management and employee performance in the public sector. Journal of Public Sector Management, 39(2), 211–229. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPSM-01-2024-0007
Wursanto, A. (2019). Discipline as a determinant of employee performance in the workplace. Journal of Human Capital Development, 6(3), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.1234/jhcd.v6i3.891
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Ulfah, Sabri, Mulyadi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright @2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium













